
View on a Residential Street, Fredericton, N.B. 



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The Celestial City, 



Fredericton, New Brunswick, 

AND THE 

St. John River, 



p-QR THE 



TOURIST AND SPORTSMAN. 



WRITTEN BY 

KRAKK H. RISTEEN. 



PUBLISHED BV 

The Frederictork Totirist Association, 

Fredericton, New BrunswicR, Canada. 



othi EDITION (190-4). 

C. FRED CHESTNUT, President. 

THii HoNOURADi.E. The SurveyorGeneral of New Brunswick, Honorary President. 

FRED B. EDGECOMBE, Treasurer. 

R. P. ALLEN, Secretary. J. W. MtCREADY. JAMES S. NEILL. 



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■,?;'oViiii!ial;Parlj9lnfen:t fiuildings, Fredericton, N.B. 

TMP<56-J07h19 



JAN 11 1905 
D. ofD, 



FREDERICTON AND VICINITY. 




CCORDING to the records of the days of Villebon, the site of the present city of Fredericton 
was then occupied by a small Acadian settlement and was called St. Anne's Point. 
It was a favorite Indian camping place as well. Where the reminiscent brindle cow, 
at misty morn and dewy eve, now ambles through the city thoroughfares, was once 
the browsing ground of the moose and caribou. The Indians in tliose early days held 
their house of assembly about five miles above the city, at Aulc-parjue, near Currie's 
Mountain. Could the unprophetic Pagan legislators of that time have foreseen that, 
alter two centuries had passed, an American non-resident would be asking the city of Fredericton to jiay 
$2,000 a year for the temporary use of that mountain for street purposes, it is certain that they would have 
taken the warpath against the New England settlements with redoubled rage and fury. 

In 176S the .Acadians at St. Anne's, as well as at other points along the river, were given free passes 
to Madawaska. good for the single trip, by the order of King George. At that time the whole of New 
Brunswick, under the name of the County of Sunbury, was a mere adjunct to the little Province of Nova 
Scotia. Of course such a fatuous attempt on the part of the tail to wag the dog could not prevail, and in 
17S6 New Brunswick was created a separate province. 

The first governor of the province was Thomas Carleton. He convened in the latter year the first 
General Assembly of the Province at St. John, but having previous to this made a casual visit to Frederic- 
ton (or St. Anne's), he seems to have had no further use for St. John. He at once fixed upon 
Fredericton as the capital, and the General Assembly met there for its tliird session, in a little building 
which is still standing near the present Queen Hotel, on July 18, 1788. Two years before, in this same 
building, known as the " King's Provision Store," the first sermon ever preached in Fredericton was 



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Old Government House, Fredericton, N.B., where King Edward VII. was Entertained in 1860. 



delivereil to an audience of sixty or seventy persons by the first rector of the city, Rev. Samuel Cooke. 
It is remarked by Mr. Cooke that in 1790 the inhabitants of Fredericton numbered 400, "of whom 100 
attended church, but many of ye common sort preferred to go a-fishing." What a vivid flash-Hght photo- 
graph of the primitive " Celestial ! " At the lower end of the city is now a field where once stood the 
house of Benedict Arnold, the famous reversible patriot and prototy])e of the political contortionist of the 
present time. 

Among the leading ratepayers of Fredericton today, and even among the leading defaulters, are to be 
recognized the lineal descendants of those who, when the colony was in its infancy, gave by their ability 
and culture the stamp of social refinement to the little city, which it has ever since retained. It would not 
be easy to tind a place of similar size that contains within its quiet homes so much of genuine culture and 
unassuming self respect as this unique, half modern, half ancient little town. Some of the reasons for this 
are apparent. Not only has it enjoyed from early times the advantage of being the governmental, judicial, 
and Episcopal head of the province, thus numbering among its residents men of leisure and scholarly 
attainment, skilled in the social amenities, but it has always been an important educational centre. The 
University, the Normal School, the superb system of graded schools in the city, even the Military School, 
which assimies to teach the ruder ritual of war rather than the polished arts of peace, — all these have done 
and are still doing their part to make the city worthy of its founders. 

From the old college on the hill have gone forth many brilliant sons of Fredericton, who, in after 
years, have left their impress on the laws of Canada and the literature of the world. Among its distin- 
guished citizens of past and present days, Fredericton is justly proud to claim the names of Fisher, 
Wilmot, Allen, Wetmore, Fraser and Blair in the realm of law and legislation ; and in that of literature, 
Ewing, Parkin, Carman and Roberts. 

There were still living not so long ago old residents who remembered when the ox was roasted on the 
Flats and the cannon fired in celebration of the Battle of Waterloo, the news of which did not reach the 
city until some months after the event. In the year 1S15 the Reverend George Jehosaphat Mountain 
(may the shadow of his middle name never grow less) was appointed rector of Fredericton, and the 
journey from Quebec, which now takes less than twenty-four hours, required over forty days. Fredericton 
was then a city of 1,300 souls, and the fathers of the hamlet were quaintly attired in stove|)ipe hats and 




Officers' Quarters, Koyal Canadian Kegiment, Fredericton, N.E., Erected 1828. 



knee breeches. All that part of the town which is back of the old cemetery was a wilderness, where the 
partridge drummed on the hollow log and the rabbit raced around on moonlit nights. The block of land 
enclosed by Regent, King, Carleton and Brunswick streets was a grazing ground for cattle. Where the 
Church Hall now stands was a pond, and many a brace of snipe or plover was bagged there by the stately 
sportsman of that time. Passenger traffic in the summer between Fredericton and St. John was carried on 
in sloops. All the business of the city was located on Queen street. 

The Fredericton of today is preL-minently a city for the cyclist and canoeist. Its broad, straight, 
level stieets, canopied by ancient trees, and the excellent country roads that lead to flowered field and 
singing brook and wooded hill, entice the one, while the grand old river, with its shady creeks and smiling 
intervales, allure the other. Opposite the city, at the lower and the upper ends thereof, two lovely streams, 
the Nashwaak and Nasliwaaksis. merge their existence in the river. Who can wonder that, when the moon 
is high and the heart of man is young, the birch canoe will linger there in the liquid shadows and happy 
souls embark to sail the river of life to unknown seas. 

The city is not without its buildings of historic interest. Prominent among these are : the Old Govern- 
ment House, — now without an occupant, — that once sheltered under its roof the royalty of England ; the 
New Brunswick University, that serenely overlooks the city from a classic eminence ; the Episcopal Cathe- 
dral, which stands a monument to the untiring zeal of that talented and devoted man, the late Bishop 
Medley, Metropolitan of Canada ; and the Military Barracks, where, from the founding of the city until 
1869 the regular troops of England were stationed, and which is now the headquarters of the Canadian 
School of Infantry. Some of the isolated quarters attached to what are known as the Park Barracks were 
erected in 17S9. It is an interesting fact that the Government House, the University Building and the 
Military Barracks were all erected in 1828, under the able and energetic administration of Sir Howard 
Douglas. 

The corner-stone of the cathedral was laid October 15, 1845, by Lieut. -Gov. Sir William Colebrooke. 
The building was finished and consecrated in 1853, and has been enriched in various ways since then. 
The entire nave is an exact copy of the church at Snettisham. England. The main body of the church is 
of domestic stone, the window settings of Caen stone. There are eight bells in the tower, the tenor 
weighing 2,800 pounds. The chime in use was adopted from that of Trinity Church, New York. When 




The Cathedral, Fredericton, N.B. 
The first Cathedral of the English Church built since the Reformation." 
The first Cathedral foundation on English Soil since the 'Norman Conquest' (1066)." 

Extracts from Jubilee Sermon by I 'ery /iV f. Dean I'artt itlge, Aug. jist, igoj. 



the cathedral was being built gifts were received from all parts of the world, including Trinity Church, New 
York, which gave loo guineas towards the cost of the east window. At Bishopscote may be seen a prayer 
book, on the fly-leaf of which is written in a boyish hand, "Albert, Prince of Wales, Fredericton, 
5th August, i860"; in a plain but somewhat effeminate hand, "Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, 2d June, 
1861" ; in a dashing, reportorial style, "Arthur, Duke of Connaught, 8th September, 1869"; and in the 
dainty, angular characters peciiliar to her sex, "Princess Louise, loth August, 1879." In 1896 a cenotaph, 
with recumbent effigy of the late bishop carved in white Carrara marble, was placed in the south transept of 
the cathedral. This monument is a most admirable work of art, and attracts the attention of many 
visitors. 

The Provincial Parliament building will repay a more than casual inspection. It is a handsome 
freestone structure with granite base, and has cost, from first to last, $200,000. It is a credit to the architect 
who designed it, always e.xcepting the Puritan pepper-box that serves the purpose of a dome, the sole 
redeeming feature of which is the admirable view it aftbrds of the city and its environs. Within the building 
is an Assembly chamber, spacious and stately in design, which bears upon its walls paintings in oil of more 
than passing interest. These include portraits of the much maligned George III, of his amiable consort, 
Queen Charlotte, of Lord Sheffield, and of Lord Glenelg. That of Queen Charlotte is esteemed of special 
value. It is from the brush of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and exemplifies all the subtle art of England's foremost 
portrait painter. In a large and decorously furnished upper chamber the Supreme Court of the province 
meets at stated terms. 

The literary visitor should not fail before he leaves the building to inspect the Legislative Library. Its 
shelves contain 14,000 volumes, many of them extremely rare and valuable. One of the original set of 
.Audubon's Book of Birds is here, valued now at $15,000. It formerly belonged to the Duke of Orleans, 
or to his father. King Louis Philippe of France. A copy of the old Domesday book is preserved in one 
of the library vaults. Several books are treasured here that were presented to the library by Queen 
Victoria and bear her own handwriting on the fly-leaves. Numerous medals of historic interest are shown, 
including that commemorative of the marriage of Prince Frederic of Prussia, and the Princess Royal of 
England, the Canadian Confederation medal, and the two handsome and costly medals presented to New 
Brunswick at the Albert Exhibition held in London in 1S62. 




On the Nashwaaksis. opposite Fredericton, N.B. 



The New Brunswick University is an institution which has wielded for the greater part of a century a 
potent influence upon the educational interests of the province. The original charter of the College of 
New Brunswick was issued in the year 1800. In 1825 this charter was surrendered to the Crown and 
another granted to a body corporate, under the name of Kings College. In 1S59 an act was passed by the 
Provincial Assembly establishing the University of New Brunswick and abolishing the theological depart- 
ment. The college, in one form or another, has always enjoyed a provincial endowment, and since 187 1 
has formed the apex of that legislative creation which is at once the special pride and highest honor of 
New Brunswick — its free school system of education. 

Other public buildings 'of note are the Victoria Hospital (founded by Lady Tilley in rSSy), the City 
Hall, the Normal School, and the handsome stone edifices of the Baptist and Presbyterian bodies. The 
Methodist and Roman Catholic churches are commodious structures of a somewhat ancient type. The 
churches of Fredericton possess the very unique feature of being free from debt. 

The placid " Celestial " citizen is at peace with all the world. The tranquil river flowing by his door 
is a mirror of his mind. He is content with his lot, for. if he is secure from sudden attacks of afiluence, he 
is equally safe from the withering disaster that comes from reckless speculation. He is liberal in thought 
— conservative in action. Perched upon a pinnacle of judicial impartiality, he calmly listens to the evidence 
as to the doings of the outer world, and then takes time to consider. 'Whether rich or poor, bond or free, 
the name of Fredericton is inscribed upon his heart and he carries with him his love of the fair old elm- 
shaded city to the end of his earthly days. 

From a civic standpoint the town enjoys progressive government. The ratepayer is wont to make a 
wry face at his tax-bill and denounce the powers that be, but he wants the best that is going, nevertheless. 
Fredericton's system of waterworks, the water being pumped direct from the River St. John and distributed 
to every part of the city, is the best in the Maritime Provinces. Its streets are lighted throughout by electricity. 
Its fire department is fully up to modern ret[uirements. Its sidewalks are of asphalt. The city is able to 
boast of public parks, as a result of private beneficence, unexcelled by any in the eastern provinces. 

The death rate of Fredericton is so low as to be within the reach of all. It arises almost entirely from 
one of two causes : extreme old age or physical malady of some kind. In the case of government otficials 
neither of these has any effect. The only thing that can happen to them is superannuation. 




View in Wilmot Park, Fredericton, N.B. 



Should the tourist need a wife to accompany him on the tour of hfe, he is earnestly advised to pause 
at Fredericton. The Celestial girl is both useful and ornamental. She is a flower by die dusky wayside. 
She is ice-cream in August and sunshine in .April. She is a ripple of laughter on the river of Time. In 
short, she is the frosting which Heaven has spread o'er. the dreary plain cake of earth. 

Of the many excellent views of Fredericton and its surroundings to be had from the heights that 
command the town, perhaps the finest is that obtained from the summit of Brick Hill (so-called), which is 
reached by an extension of Smythe Street. 'I'he entire city with its checkerboard streets, its spreading elms 
and many churches, enclosed as in a sylvan amphitheatre, lies spread beneath our feet. The horizon is 
formed by the sombre gray of the Nashwaak hills on the right and the lofty slopes of Cardigan and 
Keswick on the left. The white steeple of the Marysville church — the uncompromising brick walls 
of the cotton mill — the Nashwaak seen at intervals, then lost in a tangle of riotous vegetation — the 
massive front of Currie's Mountain standing guard at the head of the tide, and the noble St. John 
itself stretching far to the east and west in a sheet of burnished bronze, are conspicuous features 
in a scene whose equal one might seek in vain to find. Another much admired view of the river, 
from which the city is almost wholly eliminated, is that from the top of Hanwell Hill. But if Fred- 
ericton is beautiful in June, in her fresh attire of Lincoln green, what shall be said of her in September 
when, far and wide, o'er wooded height and level plain. Dame Nature throws the gorgeous crazy-quilt of 
Autumn ? 

The suburban drives of Fredericton can hardly be equalled anywhere. Livery stables exist in the city 
at which very moderate rates are charged for teams, and at which bicycles may also be cheaply rented by 
those who prefer the silent steed. The roads are mainly good and offer scenic entertainment of the highest 
order. An ample choice of route is placed at the disposal of the tourist, and he can always return to the 
city conveniently by a different road. 

A favorite drive is that up the banks of the winding Nashwaak, where arching trees throw cooling 
shadows on the road, where hillside rivulets dance out of the forest depths to join the murmuring stream, 
and where scenes of pastoral beauty unfold themselves at every turn to delight the lover of Nature in her 
tranquil moods. The view from the height of land on the eastern shore, below the Penniac bridge, is 
superb. The river, like a narrow belt of silver, stretches to the north through wide green intervales dotted 




A Suburban Drive, Fredericton, N.B. 



with the white houses of the settlers and Hanked by noble hills on either side. The return to Fredericton 
is made by the Killarney road, which affords, after the watershed has been surmounted, a view of the 
Nashwaak valley of panoramic grandeur. 

Up the north bank of the St. John to Lunt's Ferry and thence down the other side of the river by the 
Woodstock road to Fredericton is another popular drive. A cosy wayside house will tempt the traveller to 
tarry at the Ferry. Exquisite views will be secured, both in going and returning, of the placid river and the 
slumbering isles that rest upon its bosom. A capacious roadside inn is located at Spring Hill, on the 
Woodstock road, five miles above the city. 

About ten miles below the city lies the sleepy old village of Oromocto, which half a century ago was a 
scene of animation as one of the principal ship-building and lumbering centres of the province. It wears 
an air of fallen greatness now, but is none the less of interest to those who love the glint of peaceful waters 
and the scent of meadow lands. Here, too, a water-side hotel has recently been erected where the stranger 
is made to feel at home. If so disposed he may cross the river by means of a scow ferry two miles below 
Oromocto and return to Fredericton by the Maugerville road. 

A most pleasurable day may be spent exploring the Oromocto River by steam yacht or canoe. The 
stream may be navigated by such light craft for a distance of twenty miles. Its marshy shores are a favorite 
feeding ground for black duck and teal. Here and there are gravelly banks, sloping to the water, 
shadowed by thick-foliaged forest trees and edged with a carpet of velvety grass, making the most delightful 
picnic grounds for a day's outing. Then there are more extensive Hats near bubbling springs, for campers 
of longer stay. 

A short drive, but one that has many charms, is offered by the Woodstock road to Garden's Creek, or 
to Spring Hill, and return by the " Old Road." The glimpses to be had of the river and the islands, whose 
images are duplicated with photographic fidelity in its limpid waters, defy alike the magic of the jjainter's 
brush and poet's pen. 

For the cyclist an ideal route is the highway that follows the river to the thriving town of Woodstock 
and thence to the Upper St. John. The road is hard and sinooth, the hills are few and easily surmounted, 
and the landscape effects are truly grand. The run from Fredericton to Woodstock may be made without 
undue exertion in about six hours. The savage splendor of the Pokiok Falls and gorge will impress the 
imagination of the most stolid observer. 

17 




Royal Kennebecasis Yacht Club, Cruising a few Miles from Fredericton, N.B. 



A novel feature of the social life of Fredericton is the existence of quite a number of riverside clubs 
or "Camps," such as Pine Bluff, Beech Knoll, Scoodewapscooksis, Kaskiseboo, Ravine Lodge, Old 
Orchard, The Birches, Porcupine, Bohemia, Sunny Crest, Cherry Bank, etc, where the stranger, if he is a 
■'■■ good fellow," as he is sure to be, and fortunate enough to have formed the acquaintance of one of the 
members, will be entertained in a very agreeable way. These camps are usually built of logs after the most 
approved woodland pattern, with a large open fireplace at one end ; the bill of fare includes the inevitable 
pork and beans ; the leading social spirits of the younger generation are sure to be well represented there ; 
the scenic surroundings are delightful, and a day spent in one of these rustic retreats will long be remem- 
bered by the visitor. 

In another section of this sketch, the advantages of Fredericton as a point of departure for fish and 
game expeditions will be dealt with somewhat fully. It may be said here, however, that if the stay of the 
tourist sportsman is limited to days instead of weeks, or if his ambition is limited to deer, grouse, wood- 
cook and snipe, he may obtain plenty of such modest sport in the immediate vicinity of the city. A few 
excellent woodcock covers exist on the Hanwell, Litde River and Maryland Roads. Deer are numerous 
on the Hanwell, Wiltsey and Maryland Roads, and are occasionally seen even within the city limits. 
Ruffed grouse abound wherever there are hurrying brooks, alder swales, sunny forest glades and ancient 
grassy roads. Brook trout are usually in good supply in the 'Gornish, Tay, McBean, Dunbar and Noonan 
Brooks, and in Burpee Mill-stream, Bear Brook, Cross Creek and the Nashwaak Narrows. Large lake 
trout are taken at Yoho Lake, about fifteen miles out the Hanwell Road. Pickerel, striped bass, smelt and 
gizzard (or whitefish) are plentiful in the main river, and black bass and trout in Killarney Lake. 

The leading hotels of Fredericton — the Queen, Barker House and Windsor Hall —are synonymous 
with comfort and good cheer. The management is of the sort that makes the guest feel at home and at 
ease. Their respective proprietors are public-minded citizens, whose aim has always been, not so much to 
conserve their own interests, as to promote the general welfare of the city. 

No reference to Fredericton would be complete without a reference to Marysville, its principal 
suburb, and no reference to Marysville would have much value that omitted the name of its founder. 
The spruce tree is king in New Brunswick, but the spruce tree bows its head in homage to .'\lexander 
Gibson. Starting in life as the proverbial poor boy in the village of Lepreaux, his career reads like a 

19 




Cotton and Lumber Mills at Marysville, a Manufacturing Town Three Miles from Fredericton. Founded by Alexander Gibson. 



romance. He employs an army of men m the woods, on the stream, in the mill and on the River St. John, 
cutting, driving, sawing and shipping from 50,000,000 to 100,000,000 feet of lumber every year. He 
built the original New Brunswick Railway, about two hundred miles in length, extending from the town of 
Gibson, opposite Fredericton, to Edmundston, with a branch to Presque Isle, — all of which is now a part 
of the great Canadian Pacific Railway system. He built, in conjunction with Senator Snowball of Chat- 
ham, the Canada Eastern Railway, one hundred and sixteen miles in length, from Fredericton to Chatham, 
besides the branch from Blackville to Indiantown. He is part owner, in connection with Senator 
Temple, of the handsome steel railroad bridge which spans the river between Gibson and Fredericton. 
He built at Marysville and has managed with great success one of the largest cotton mills in Canada. 
He erected and donated to the New Brunswick Methodist Conference one of the finest churches in the 
province, and has since maintained it entirely at his own expense. Lath mills, shingle mills, grist mills 
and other minor ventures all bear witness to his genius, forethought and enterprise. 

Here is a town of 2,500 inhabitants owned and controlled by one man more absolutely than the Czar 
of Russia controls his vast domains; but the reign of this industrial Alexander is a beneficent one ; his 
subjects are contented and law-abiding, and Marysville is in all respects a model community. It is 
a beautiful town as well, and, standing as it does a monument to the energy and ability of New Bruns- 
wick's foremost citizen, the visitor cannot fail to be repaid for the time spent in viewing its throbbing 
factories and peaceful, homelike tenements. 




Grand Falls on St, John River, 125 Miles from Fredericton, N.B., Largest Cataract East of Niagara. 



THE RIVER ST. JOHN. 




SUBJECT so comprehensive as that of the River St. John can only be hghtly 
touched within the hmits of this article. Though dwarfed by comparison with the 
mighty St. Lawrence, it drains with its brandies a territory larger than any other 
river on the Atlantic Coast from Labrador to Florida. 

Rising in the spruce-clad hills of northern Maine and receiving in succession 

the waters of the St. Francis, Madavvaska, Green, Grand, and other important 

streams, it forms for many miles the bountlnry between that state and New 

Brunswick. 

At Grand Falls the river plunges over a precipice and through a rugged gorge that seems to have 

been placed there by some convulsion of nature. The cataract and rapids are only surpassed in Canada 

by those of Niagara, and are visited as the years pass on by an ever-increasing army of pleasure seekers. 

The falls and rapids at their mildest are the personification of untamed fury, but in the spring, when 
the water is at freshet height and thousands of great spruce logs go tearing over the brink, then shooting 
up from the basin below like the fiolts of some great catapult, and finally disappearing in the whirling 
cauldrons of the gorge, or grinding on the adamantean rocks that oppose their passage, you have a picture 
of nature in a mood of passion that fairly appalls the beholder. 

Not iriany miles below the Falls the .Aroostook and the Tobique add their volume to the river, which 
thence becomes, except in summer level of water, navigable for steamers to its mouth, two hundred miles 
awav. Indeed, before the coming of the iron horse, the wheelbarrow boat used to thread its devious wav 




Wells in the Gorge below Grand Falls, St. John Kiver, N.B. 



in freshet time clear to Grand Falls. In recent years, however, no passenger boats have run farther up 
the river than Woodstock, which is sixty-six miles from Fredericton and one hundred and fifty miles from 
the sea. 

To the mind of the native tourist the Tobique River conveys a boundless vision of all that is wild and 
primitive for woodland scenery, and all that is exciting and otherwise enjoyable for plenitude of fish and 
game supply. He who, with birch canoe and Ijrawny Milicete polesmen, has ascended its pure, trans- 
lucent waters to Long Lake or Trowsers Lake, — the principal sources of this lovely mountain stream, — 
will have secured a wealth of picturesque experience that will remain with him in reminiscent form as long 
as life shall last. He will have seen a region untainted, for the most part, by the touch of man ; where 
forest trails are scoured deep in the solid turf by countless generations of moose and caribou ; where the 
tremulous note of the loon is borne afar on the pulseless wings of the evening air; where the unsophisti- 
cated trout will seize a flannel rag as readily as the most alluring fly ; where great rafts of black duck arise 
in clamorous flight at his unkind approach ; and where his sleep at night is broken by the sloppy blow of 
the jumping salmon as he tumbles back in his native pool. Should he ascend the tortured waters of the 
Little Tobique, he will find himself on the shores of the beautiful Nictaux Lake, which shines like a gem in 
its emerald setting at the base of Bald Mountain, the highest summit in the province. From this com- 
manding eminence the traveler surveys a vast unbroken sea of foliage, whose undulations roll against the 
storied cliffs of Gaspe to the north and the coroneted peak of old Katahdin to the south. 

It would not be easy to exaggerate the scenic splendor of this noble River St. John. By Dr. Talmage. 
a traveler in many lands, it has been described as " the Rhine and the Hudson commingled in one scene 
of beauty and of grandeur." From its fountain-head to its ocean terminus there is nothing commonplace 
in the country through which it runs. It forms the outlet for some large, important lakes, but the innu- 
merable brooks and mountain streams that flow into it comprise by far the greater body of its current and 
render its water as clear as that of a wayside spring. The farming land along its banks is of marvellous 
fertility. Especially is this true of the fine agricultural county of Carleton, justly termed the "Garden of 
New Brunswick." 

If the reader will refer to his railroad map, he will observe that the valley of the St. John is made 
accessible in every part by the admirable railroad service which extends from Ednumdston to the sea. 




Fishing' Party, Tobique Narrows, a Tributary of St. John River. 



This is supplemented in the summer season by steamboat hnes that cover tri-weekly the route of sixty-six 
miles from Woodstock to Fredericton and daily the distance of eighty-four miles from Fredericton to St. 
John. There is no point in all this vast extent of river-land today that is not within twenty-four hours' 
travel of the city of Boston. The recent extension of the railroad system from Edmundston to Riviere du 
Loup, by the valley of the Madawaska River and the Temiscouata Lake, has opened up the entire region 
of the Upper St. John to trade and travel from Quebec and Montreal. Aline is now being built from 
Campbellton to Grand Falls that will not only develop a very valuable lumber area, but will place the 
sportsman within a few hours' ride of a country that cannot be excelled for fish and game. .Another line 
is being extended from Norton Station on the Litercolonial Railway to Fredericton that will open up a 
very important coal and timber country, and incidentally conduct the big game enthusiast into the very 
heart of the Salmon River hunting grounds. 

New Brunswick has not only a greater mileage of railway in proportion to population than any other 
State or province in America, but its soil is intersected everywhere by a wonderful natural system of water 
communication. Well stocked as the whole of the interior is with fish and game of all kinds, the facilities 
offered for canoeing, camping, fishing and hunting are not equalled in any part of America within easy 
reach of those who love the forest and the stream. The lakes and rivers which empty into the basin of the 
St. John are in no way inferior in this respect to those of that far-famed wilderness region watered 
by the Miramichi, the Nepisiquit and the Restigouche. The Squatook Lakes, Green River, Grand 
River, Tobique River, Oromocto Lake, Grand Lake — these are terms synonymous with hard-fighting 
salmon that call for the angler's utmost skill ; with gallant warrior trout that ask no quarter ; with 
togue of fabulous weight that haunt the deep lake bottoms ; with black duck, teel and broadbills in 
their season, and with the noblest game animals to be found in eastern .America, — the moose, bear, deer 
and caribou. 

A volume would be required in which to catalogue the various canoe trips open to the camper and 
sportsman by its tributary streams. He may, as did the Indians for ages, urge his way with pole and 
paddle up the main St. John, and, after a short portage, embark upon the Penobscot. He may ascend the 
Madawaska River a distance of fifteen miles, carry his " pirogue " over into Squatook River, and thence 
enjoy a run down stream of seventy-five miles to the place of beginning, by a river that fairly swarms with 




Florenceville Bridge, River St. John, above Fredericton, N.B. 



trout and through lakes that are as beautiful as a poet's dream. He may pole up Green or Grand River 
and down the spacious Restigouche. He may ascend the silvery waters of the Tobique and thence traverse 
the Bathurst Lakes and the wild and rugged Nepisiquit. From the latter stream, if so inclined, he may 
carry into the Upsakiuitch, a branch of the Restigouche. At Fredericton he can launch his Milicete canoe 
when the morning sun is breaking through the river mist and at nightfall pitch his tent upon the level shores 
of Grand Lake, an ideal camping ground for the tourist who wishes to combine a maximum of water space 
and grassy mead with a minimum of work. 

If the banks of the Hudson, its only scenic rival among the navigable rivers of America, can be said 
to exhibit the progress of the present, those in St. John display in large degree the wild, weird beauty 
of the prehistoric past. Along its sinuous course are rugged headlands, seamed and scarred with the war- 
fare of the ages ; leafy coves which resound with the raucous cry of the bittern or the splashing flight of 
ducks; islands and intervales, level and green, which have received from the dawn of time the baptism of 
the river god ; gently sloping hills crowned with the murmuring verdure of spruce and pine — oftering to 
the eye of the modern pilgrim scenes which must have delighted the vision of Villebon and La Tour. 

The river was given its Christian name by that model tourist and king of campers, Samuel D. Cham- 
plain, in the year of grace 1604. He called it the River St. John because, pious man that he was, he found 
it on the day of St. John the Baptist. Champlain did not concern himself with giving a name to any 
other part of the country than St. John, which may, perhaps, account for the fact that unto this day the 
citizen of St. John is only dimly conscious of a nebulous suburb of that city known as the Province of 
New Brunswick. 

Li those romantic days the river bore among the Indians the name of Wigoudi, or " Highway," 
for it had been used for centuries as a means of navigation and of warlike expeditions between the tribes 
of the East and the West. There is no evidence to show that Champlain ever ascended the river. He 
writes as if he had, but there is reason to believe that he copied his descrijition from a guide-book written 
by a gentleman named Champdore, who really did venture up the river in 160S, as far, at least, as Oak 
Point and the Devil's Back. 

An implied contract rests upon the man who undertakes to write about the River St. John to do 
justice to the memory of the late La Tour. In the year 1630 Charles La Tour built a large lumber camp 

2q 




Canoeing on Kiver St. John, above Fredericton, N.B. 



at.the mouth of the river and called it a fort. The sympathy of the civilized world is due to Charles, not 
only because he had an ungrateful father who used to bombard his forts, but because his fame is over- 
shadowed by that of his warlike wife. La Tour would have made a name for himself in almost any line of 
business on his own account if he had had a fair show, but his chief glory is that he was the husband 
of Madame La Tour, whose defence of the fort in 1645 (while Charles was away on a trip to Boston) 
against the cruel and corpulent Charnisay, will ever rank as one of the grandest exploits in the annals ot 
feminine heroism. One would like to think that Charles had held her memory dear. All we know on 
that score is that when old Charnisay was opportunely drowned. La Tour made haste to marry the widow 
in order to avoid a suit for trespass. 

Another name indelibly impressed ui)on those historic days is that of the doughty ^'illebon, who for 
ten years waged unceasing war upon the New England settlements. Villebon had a so-called fort at 
[emseg for a while, and in 1692 erected another at the mouth of the Nashwaak, opposite the present city 
of Fredericton, in order to escape the spring freshets. It cannot be truly said that Villebon displayed 
remarkable sagacity in making this move, for we read that the playful freshets made merry with this fort, 
just as they did with the other, and piled great hunmiocks of ice against the palisades. Over this fastness 
of the wilderness the white flag of France, together with Villebon's weekly washing, floated for seven years. 
Cannon balls turned up by the wandering plowshare in these latter days mark the erratic shooting done by 
Colonel Hawthorne and Captain Church when they tried to take the fort in 1696. What must be thought 
of the game laws of that period when it was written that Villebon received as many as 3,000 moosehides 
from the Indians in a single year? 

The earliest English settlement of any consequence ever made upon the River .St. John was that of 
1766, when a party of Loyalist refugees received a grant of land of twelve square miles along the river 
and founded the now flourishing settlement of Maugerville. During the Re\olutionary War certain 
froward, lewd and wicked persons, to wit, one Benjamin Franklin and other sons of Belial, did undermine 
the sini]ile, trusting faith of these men of Maugerville, so that they took up arms against the good King 
George and captured a wood-l)oat at Machias. But the king was gracious to his erring subjects and 
gave them government offices, and they repented of their sins and died full of years and honors. 

The Maugerville settlers were followed seventeen years later, at the close of the war, by a considerable 




Mouth of Oromocto, a Tributary of St. John Eiver, Ten Miles below Fredericton, N.B. 



body of the United Empire Loyalists, among them many men of abihty and cuUure who, amiti the unspeak- 
able privation of a backwoods life, laid strong and deep the foundations of the struggling colony. 

And the silence o£ ages listened 

To the axe-stroke loud and clear. 
Divining a kingly presence 

In the tread of the pioneer. 

No one can claim to have seen New Brunswick who has not traversed the magnificent river route 
between Fredericton and St. John. The steamers on this line are speedy and commodious, their equip- 
ments up-to-date, and it is hard to conceive of a more delightful day's outing than is afforded by the 
sail between these points. The down-river trip requires less time, but in point of pleasure there is 
little to choose between the two. The upper trip has the added charm of landing the traveller at 
Fredericton. 

As the tourist in the balmy days of summer surveys from the deck of the steamer the ever-changing 
scenes of beauty that mark his progress up or down the stream, he will notice some things new to his 
experience. He will not fail to observe in the numerous mills that line its banks, in the immense rafts 
of timber washed by the steamer's swell, in the acres and acres of logs handled by the steady workers 
at the booms, in the passing tugs with their long train of scows loaded with yellow deal, and in the 
white-winged wood-boats dotting the surface of the river at every turn, the magnitude of the lumber 
traffic which finds by this ancient highway its outlet to the sea. Spruce, pine, cedar and birch from 
the waters of the Upper St. John three hundred miles away, from the Aroostook, the Tobique and many 
minor streams, are floated to the harbor of St. John and there manufactured and shipped to every part 
of the civilized world. 

The tourist aforesaid will observe that many cosey ri\'er-side cottages and villas are springing up along 
the river, while at Long Reach, Hampstead, Gagetown and Oromocto, hotels have been erected to intercept 
the ever rising tide of travel. If he is a prophet, the son of a prophet, or only a plain wayfaring man with 
an eye to real estate, he will see that the day is not far distant when the peculiar charms of this genial, 
restful river-land will become known to the American world, and when the blase cliildren of fashion who 




Sheffield, Twenty Miles below Fredericton, N.B. 



swelter in the great cities, or vainly seek repose at crowded seaside resorts, will throng these shaded nooks 
in multitudes. 

For brick and mortar breed care and crime, 

With a pulse of evil that throbs and beats; 
And men are withered before their prime 

By the curse paved in with the lanes and streets. 
And lungs are poisoned and shoulders bowed, 

In the smothering reek of mill and mine ; 
And death stalks in on the struggling crowd — 

But he shuns the shadow of birch and pine. 

Whether on business or on pleasure bent the American visitor cannot fail to note that here, as every- 
where in " Bluenose Land," the utmost kindliness and good feeling exists toward the mighty son of Britain 
to the south of us. Here are no alien labor laws, no pulling down of flags, no catering to vicious political 
elements, no shadow of historic prejudice cast upon the stranger within our gates. There is no annexation 
spirit here, but there is a hope which springs eternal in every true Canadian's breast, that destiny has in 
store for him or his children a part in the great annexation of the future — the union in peace or in war of 
all the English-speaking peoples of the globe. 

Forming, as it does, the natural gateway of travel to Fredericton by the water route, St. John is a city 
entitled to favorable consideration. Its population is nearly 50,000 ; its public and jirivate buildings would 
adorn a city of much larger size, and it is the only genuine winter port of Canada. Intending shippers 
(and politicians) must beware of imitations. The people of St. John are very proud of their comely city, 
and very much in earnest in their efforts to promote its welfare. Nothing, in their opinion, is too good for 
St. John. Hence has arisen the unwarranted suspicion prevalent in some quarters, especially in Halifax, 
that St. John wants the earth. However this may be, the earth wants St. John, for it has need of her genial, 
energetic, optimistic citizens. 

With the solitary exception of those of Fredericton, the hotels of St. John arc not surpassed by any in 
the Maritime Provinces. The International Steamship Line, tlie Digby and Yarmouth steamers, the Grand 
Lake and Washademoak boats, the Intercolonial and Canadian Pacitic railways create there, especially 

35 




The Narrows, Approaching City of St. John, N.B. 



in the tourist season, a very large passenger traffic. St. Jolin is by no means destitute of charms as a 
temporary summer resort itself. The rise and fall of the tide produce cooling breezes from the sea that 
temper the rays of the sun in the hottest weather ; the Bay Shore affords very fair facilities for bathing ; 
the roads leading out of the city are kept in fine condition and offer many pleasant drives. A public 
park is now being elaborated at Lily Lake that will add greatly to the natural attractions of the city 
and its surroundings. To people with a taste tor freaks and conundrums a very instructive feature of 
this locality is the famous "reversible cataract," which twice in every twenty-fours turns around and 
falls up hill ! 

Two fast passenger trains each day, covering the distance of sixty-six miles in a trifle over two hours, 
connect St. John with Fredericton. If the visitor's time is only sufficient for a cursory call at the Capital, 
he may spend a day there very pleasantly and return to St. John the same evening. By the river boat the 
journey occupies about six hours, but so brimming is this lovely route with picturesque delights that time 
and care alike take flight, and the stranger is taken by surprise when, like a vision of enchanted land, the 
stately elms of the " Celestial City " rise in view. 



37 




Pabineau Falls, Nepisiquit River, N.B. 



FREDERICTON AS A SPORTING CENTRE. 




S a region for big game, especially for moose and caribou, the interior of New Brunswick 
is not equalled by any other section of eastern North America. Its salmon streams 
are unrivalled anywhere. The game laws of the province may be briefly summarized 
thiis : — 

The open season for moose, caribou and deer extends from 15th September to 
30th November. 

The shooting of cow moose and female moose calves is prohibited at all times. 
Each hunter, having license, may shoot one moose and one caribou in the season. 
No license is required to shoot deer, but only two may be shot during the season. 
In the county of Westmoreland, non-residents of the province must have license to shoot game 
birds, as well as for moose and caribou. 

The open season for duck, wood-cock and snipe is from ist September to ist December. 
Non-resident sportsmen desiring to hunt moose and caribou are required to take out a license, 
paying a fee of thirty dollars. Residents pay two dollars. 

The fishery laws are mainly controlled by the Dominion Government. The open season for salmon 
extends from February ist to August 15th; for speckled trout, from April ist to September 15th; for 
lake trout or land-locked salmon, from May ist to September 15th. All required information can be 
obtained by addressing the Crown Land Department of New Brunswick at Fredericton, or the respective 
proprietors of the leading hotels. 

Owing to its central location, l.ioth from a railroad and geographical standpoint, there is no more 



39 




Falls on the Pokiok, a Famous Trout Stream near Fredericton. N.B. 



convenient place of departure for the fisherman or big game hunter than Fredericton. The city has ahnost 
equidistant from the great hunting region of the Canaan and Salmon rivers and that of the Tobique and 
Miramichi. Between the two and almost at its threshold is the Cains River country, renowned for moose 
and caribou. The sportsman may leave Fredericton in the morning with his guide and pitch his tent 
at sunset on the hunting grounds of East 
Brook Plains. To reach the upper waters 
of the Tobique or of the Nor-West Mira- 
michi will require about three days. 

Let us suppose that the reader yearns 
to shoot a moose, which animal he has 
vainly sought, it may be, for many moons 
in Maine or Nova Scotia. He will, if he 
wishes to hunt in the calling season, need 
to start for the scene of action not later 
than the middle of September. The 
sooner he starts the better his chance 
will be. He will only need to bring to 
Fredericton his wearing apparel and his 
rifle, which latter should be no plaything, 
but a w-eapon tlrat will combine jiaralysis 
and penetration in a marked degree. Sup- 
plies and provisions for the trip of the best 
quality can be obtained much cheaper at 
Fredericton than they can be brought here. 




One of Eight Young Moose Captured in New Brunswick under a 
Special License for the Government of Newfoundland. 



A first-class guide will be required, who knows the country well and is really able to call moose. He 
will expect to receive from three dollars to five dollars per day, according to cironnstances. The 
latter figure may seem high, but the guide is usually a trapper, vi^ho has a country of his own in which he 
has built camps and canoes, cut trails and gone to other expense on cajjital account. Unless he receives 



41 




Kavine Lodge, a Summer Home near Fredericton, N.B. 



good wages as a guide it would pay him to go and shoot the moose himself. At least one additional man, 
combining the office of cook and packer, will be needed, so that the chief guide may devote his whole 
attention to hunting. This extra man will ask one dollar or one dollar and a half a day. If a team is 
necessary to haul the supplies in over the portage road, the teamster will e.xpect to receive four dollars a 
day for himself and team. You will decide that this is not excessive after you have watched him for a few 
hours battling with the roots and rocks, blowdowns and quagmires of the portage. 

To make reasonably sure of bagging a bull moose a trip of at least three or four weeks is necessary. 
Such a trip should cost from ? 150 to S200. The sportsman is at liberty to make it cost as much more as he 
pleases. 

To call a moose successfully is the consummation of the woodman's art. The long white nostril of the 
animal is alert to catch your scent and his power of hearing is nothing short of marvellous. He is almost 
sure to detect the first false step, or the first false note in the music. The conjugal tendency, however, 
is potent in these autumn days and he obeys, it may be guessed, against his better judgment, the summons 
of the phantom maiden moose, whose glances pierce the heart like fiery hail and from whose mystic 
bower no bull moose e'er returns. 

The birchen horn used by the caller is made from sixteen to twenty inches in length, about one inch 
in diameter at the inner and four inches at the outer end. If the guide knows his business he will 
contrive to produce with this instrument the most plaintive, pathetic, \-oluminous, soul-moving melody that 
was ever heard on sea or land. 

The usual time of day to call for moose is near sundown. The animal is seldom much astir in the 
early part of the day. The wind will have calmed down at sunset if it is going to calm at all, and the horn 
can then be heard for miles. 

A common mode of caUing is for the guide to climb a tree. From this elevation the call will reach 
a long distance, and the responsive solo of the bull can be more distinctly heard. 

The proper place to call for moose is a matter of instinct or experience on the part of the guide. It 
should be away from the smoke of the camp, near open ground, such as the margin of a lake, pond or 
barren, where the royal animal may be seen as he draws nigh. When he comes you are going to see 
him swaggering up the marshy shore, or hooking his way jauntily through the bushes in sheer insolence 




The Birches, a Typical Summer Camp on River St. John. 




of strength. He is announcing now for the benefit of all concerned that, if there is any other bull moose 
around, he is going to shovel him into the lake if it takes all night to do it. If you are nervous as the 
crisis approaches, lean your gun " bush fashion " over a stump or fallen tree, aim carefully, keep the muzzle 
down, and then, if the first shot apparently fails, 
man the lead pump and shoot while there is any- 
thing in sight. Suddenly you will hear a whoop 
from the guide, who has bounded over the brush 
in search of the moose, and, as you follow him with 
heart beating w-ildly, you will catch a glimpse of a 
massive horn protruding from the heather, and then 
of a giant form stretched out upon the ground and 
you will realize that one of life's concentrated 
moments has come to you. You are going to feel 
a little sorry for a little while and then very proud 
for the remainder of your life. 

Moose are probably more ])lentiful in New 
Br\u'iswick than in any part of America e.xcept 
Alaska. For many years the record moose was 
that shot by Sir Harry Burrard on the Canaan 
River, the horns of which measured 5 feet 3 inches 
from tip to tip. The head of this moose was 
mounted and presented to the Prince of Wales. 
All other claimants, however, have been obliged to 
" haul in their horns " in the presence of Mr. 
Stephen Decatur, of Portsmouth, N.H., who shot a 
moose in the Tobique country in September, 1S96, with an antler spread of 5 feet 6 inches. (In 
November, 1903, George Brown, of Boiestown, shot a moose on the Sou-West Miramichi with an anUer 
spread of 67 inches.) .'\s you cluster around the camp-fire at night, and the white owl hoots in the outer 





Koughing It. 



45 




View on the Tobique River, N.B. 



gloom, the guides will tell you of mammolh moose that exist in New Brunswick today who are too wise 
to come to the horn and whose track is like the print of a water-pail on the shore of the mountain lake. 

The favorite browsing trees of moose are wliitewood, moosewood, willow and cherry. They will, 
however, eat the bark and buds of any kind of hardwood and most of the evergreens. Spruce or cedar 
they never touch unless hard pressed for food. The only kind of grass they will eat is a thin, flat, yellow 
variety that grows chiefly in the beds of streams or in marshy ground. Moose will often go entirely under 
water for this grass and remain there a surprising length of time. It is a common thing for the moose, in 
midsummer, to submerge his body in a cooling stream or lake to protect himself from the heat and flies. 

Many sportsmen prefer stalking the moose on snow to any other form of hunting. Extreme care is 
required to get within shooting distance. His homely nose will catch the least whiff of human scent borne 
by the wayward breeze, or his great ears will hear the click of the overlapping snowshoe, or his vigilant eye 
will note the darkening of the snow-line through the avenues of trees, and the thud, thud of heavy feet upon 
the hollow ground will notify the hunter that his supper of moose steak and onions is indefinitely postponed. 
A wounded moose will sometimes turn and charge his enemy. Woe to the hunter, then, unless his hand is 
steady and his aim is sure, for death lurks behind the vengeful fury of those lancelike hoofs. 

By many amateur woodsmen the caribou is esteemed more highly as a game animal than the 
moose. The great virgin wilderness of New Brunswick at the present day is a caribou paradise. If the 
moose may be numbered in hundreds, the caribou may be reckoned in thousands. They can be stalked 
with considerable ease on a windy day, but cannot be run down, no matter what the depth of snow, and 
so they escape the butchery in the close season that too often falls to the lot of moose and deer. 

As showing how plentiful they are, it may be mentioned that on Christmas day, 1894, seven large 
herds of caribou were visible at once on the ice of Little Sou-West Lake. In November, 1S95, near Bald 
Mountain, on the Nor- West Miramichi, two Fredericton sportsmen saw, in the space of three days, one 
hundred and thirty caribou. In December, 1896,3 sportsman from Newcastle in the same section of 
country saw a single herd of caribou in which were fully one hundred individuals. In that vast 
expanse of forest land watered by Green River, Grand River, Tobique, Nor-West Miramichi, Sou-West 
Miramichi, Restigouche and Nepisiquit, with their innumerable branches, the country is swarming with 
caribou, and they are thought to be increasing every year. They are practically unmolested by man, 

47 




Congratulations. — E. B. Holmes of Brookline, Mass., and Arthur Pringle, Guide, Miramichi, N.B. 



and the Mack bear is the only anirnnl that preys upon them. It is beheved that the cariJDou, which 
have been ahiiost driven out of Maine by persistent hunting, have taken refuge in large numbers in New 
Brunswick. The caribou seems to be imbued with the restless spirit of the age. He has no fi.xed 
aliiding-place, and is aUva\s in a hurry to reach some other place where he can at once niake haste to 
hurrv back again. 

The chief food of the caribou is reindeer moss (^Cladonia Raiii^ifiniid). The horns of the male are 
often very massive, and, like those of the moose, are shed every year, .\bout one female caribou in ten 
has horns, but they are far inferior to those of the male in size and beauty, liy the ist of December 
nearly all the old bulls liave dropped their horns. The young bulls carry theirs until February, and horns 
have been found on the cows in March. 

The prevailing color of the caribou is a dark fawn inclining to gray and fading to almost pure white 
on the neck and under-parts of the body. They differ much in general appearance, some being almost 
as graceful as a deer, while others resemble an overgrown goat. The weight of an adult caribou will often 
reach five hundred pounds. 

In the winter time a herd of caribou may frequently be seen scraping awaj- the snow on the barrens 
in order to reach their favorite moss. When traveling in deep snow they sometimes form in single file 
and push each other forward, the leader being changed from time to time as he wearies with breaking 
the road. 

ANithout doubt the best season for hunting caribou is in November, when the bogs are frozen and 
there is suitable snow for tracking, and when their antlers have not yet been shed. Their actions in the 
presence of man are very eccentric. Sometimes they will stampede at the faintest sign of ilanger, or no 
sign at all ; at other times they will stand stupidly together or walk aimlessly about while the death- 
dealing rifle is thinning out their ranks. 

Red deer are multiplying rapidly in every part of New Brunswick. They are especially abundant in 
the south and west. AVith proper [jrotection they will soon be as numerous as in Maine. 

On the headwaters of the Nepisiquit not only are moose and caribou plentiful, but the sportsman 
may enjoy the unique e.xperience of stalking the black bear as he roams the blueberry co\ered hills in 
Septemlier. .As a rule the black bear is about as dangerous as a raccoon or a porcupine. At the sight 

49 




Summer Homes near Fredericton, N.B. 



or scent of a man he will run like a tramp from a woodpile. The maternal solicitude of the she bear when 
in company with her cubs, however, is not to be trifled with. Unless you are sure that this particular 
bear belongs to you, it is well to stand back about seventy nine and one half feet. 

There are several fine salmon streams within a few hours' ride by rail of Fredericton. A few desirable 
streams are still unleased and may be secured at a reasonable rental from the Crown Land Department. 
Where the river is already leased it is not difficult for the visiting sportsman, in most cases, by application 
to local anglers, to obtain the right to fish. 

With the possible exception of the Restigouche, the finest salmon river in the province is the 
Tobique. The angler may leave .Andover in the morning by team, and hook his salmon for supper ; or by 
taking the railway to Plaster Rock, he can reduce this record by several hours. This beautiful mountain 
stream has been so well protected of recent years that the fish have become very abundant. The adult 
Tobique salmon runs from twelve to twenty pounds in weight, and is far more gamey than the Resti- 
gouche fish. 

A river which shows, to some extent, the results of inefficient protection, but still affords excellent 
sport in a normal season, is the Sou-West Miramichi. This was a favorite resort of the late Governor 
Russell, Joe Jefferson, the actor, and other well-known American anglers. The cascade of Fall Brook, one 
hundred and twenty feet in height, is reached by a few minutes' walk from the main stream, and is one of 
the scenic marvels of New Brunswick. .\ ride of two hours by rail brings the sportsman to Boiestown, 
where the guides will have all in readiness to pole him up the river. The uniform rate these hardy, willing 
fellows charge for their services is one dollar and a quarter per day. Their skill in picking the channel, or 
in breasting and shooting the rapids, is a subject of unceasing wonder to all who have ever witnessed it. 
Whether on the hunting ground or the salmon stream, the uniform testimony of strangers is that New 
Brunswick guides are honest and cheerful, thorough woodsmen, all of them, and anxious only to please. 

The trout streams and lakes of the province are innumerable, and, with few exceptions, open to all. 
When the sea trout are running, excellent fishing is obtained at Indiantown, on the Sou-West Miramichi, 
which is reached in five hours from Fredericton. Cains River, a noted stream for trout, is reached by 
fifteen miles of rail from Fredericton and a portage often miles. 

One of the finest trout streams in the province, the Bartibogue River, which was reserved by the 

51 




Mouth of Metapedia Kiver, N.B. 



government from the recent sale of fishing privileges, is to be efficiently guarded henceforth, and trout 
fishing permitted on it with the rod only at a fixed rate per day. The Crown Land Department 
has determined to vigorously enforce the regulations against netting and spearing, not only on the 
Bartibogue, but Cains River, Renous, Dungarvon and other rivers that have heretofore been poached. 

In all its essential features the forest of New Brunswick is today what it was in the dawn of history. 
It is still the forest primeval. Over the rampart hills and under the sentinel stars are streams whose 
sources are unknown ; vast areas of timber land that have never echoed the sound of the w-oodsman's axe or 
the hunter's rifle; lofty cataracts whose hoarse soliloquy is seldom heard by human ear; beautiful lakes 
without a name, whose eternal stillness is broken only by the rattle of the kingfisher, the leap of the land- 
locked salmon, the uncanny laughter of the loon, or the plunging stride of the wading moose. The 
voyager who seeks these hidden shores will find a gentle, bounteous wilderness " to whose ever-verdant 
antiquity the Pyramids are young and Nineveh a mushroom of yesterday." 



53 




Nine-foot Salmon Leap — *'A Miss" — Sevogle Falls. Miramichi, N.B. 

Photographed by U. G. Smith, Esq., Fishery Commissioner. 




lumber Drive on the Nashwaak Kiver, near Fredericton, N.B. 



TO SPORTS MEN AND ANQLERS. 

The success of the sportsman in any country depends very greatly indeed upon the skill and energy of the guide. If the guide is not up to 
the standard, his employer will usually experience indifferent luck, even though the woods may be alive with game. The following are among the most 
reliable hunting guides in New Brunswick: — 



Gloucestkr Countv. 
L. Doucette, Belleduiie River. 
Samuel Gammon, Jr., Bathurst. 
William Getty, Bathurst. 
John Landrv, Bathurst. 
Robert McEwan, Bathurst. 

Madawaska County. 
A. W. Emmerson, Edmundston, 
Northumberland County. 
I^aniel A. Doak, Doaktown. 
John J. Koran, Halconib. 
I. ManderviUe & Sons, Mitlcrton. 
Ed. Menzics, Strathadam. 
Daniel K. Munn, Boiestown. 
John Murphy, Jr., T.udlow. 



J. Ronald McDonald, lUackville. 
Edward Way, Trout Brook, 
lames D. way. Trout Brook. 
John White, Silliker. 
Joseph White & Sons, Lyttleion. 

Queens County. 
Tho";. A. FowUe, Canaan Forks. 
Elijah Kierstead, Coles Island. 
Asa F. Ryder, Cherry Vale. 
James H. Ryder, Brookvale. 

Victoria County. 
Fred C. Armstrong, Perth Centre. 
George E. Armstrong, Perth, 
Stephen M. Campbell, Arlhurette. 
Percy B. Falding, Kilburn. 



Amos Gaiince, Riley Brook. 
]ohn Johnson, Oxbow. 
U, W. Lewis, Perth Centre. 
Asa D. Marston, Sisson Ridge. 
James McGinn, Three Brooks. 
William Mclnnis, Arthurette. 
Alex Ogilvey, Jr., South Tilley. 
David Ogilvey, South Tilley. 
George Price, Grand Falls, 
Duncan \'. Reed, St Almo. 
Fred H. Reed, St. Almo. 
Duncan D. Wright, Arlhurette. 
Norman Wright, Plaster Rock. 
Thomas .S. Wright, Plaster Rock. 

York County. 
W. H. Allen, Penniac. 



Robert Barr, Mactnaquac. 
H. Braithwaitc, Fredericton. 
Charles Creinin, Scotch Lake. 
Arthur H. Evans, Taymouth. 
Richard Evans, Taymouth. 
Wm. H. Griffin, Sr., Cross Creek. 
William Griffin, Jr., Cross Creek. 
Edward James, Tweedside. 
.\dam Moore, Scotch Lake. 
Burton Moore, Scotch Lake- 
John N. Murray. Dumfries. 
Beniah Norrad, Bloomfield Ridge. 
Arthur Pringle, Stanley. 
Thomas H. Pringle, Stanley. 
Lorenzo D. Savage, Penniac. 
Sidney B. Thomas, Green Hill. 



On account of its central location Fredericton is the natural outfitting and starting point for the great fish and game regions. The following 
notes will be found of special interest to sportsmen, anglers, canoeists and those who enjoy camp life beside lake or stream. 

The business of caring for summer visitors is assuming quite extensive proportions in New Brunswick, and there are a number of attractive 
summer hotels located at different points along the St. John River, where accommodation may be had at reasonable rates. There ore ample facilities tor 
boating, bathing and canoeing. 

One of the beauty spots within easy driving distance of Fredericton is Davidson Lake, a charming sheet of water, having an elevation of about 
five huiulred feet above sea level. It is situated on the very edge of the wilderness, being only two miles from the settlement, which has postal and 
telephonic communication with the city, and is surrounded by a beautiful growth of hardwood. Here good trout and perch fishing may be had, and 
deer may be seen on the shores of the lake almost any time in the day. Mr. John N. Murray of Dumfries, who owns a portion of this beautiful lake, 
has erected on its shores a number of comfortable log cabins, and is prepared to board visitors at reasonable rates and supply them with guides, 
canoes, etc. 

The Oromocto, Magaguadavic, Voho and Kedron Lakes, located near Fredericton, arc also well adapted for summer outing, fishing and hunting 
parties. 

New Brunswick is a land of lakes and streams, and the opportunity it affords for canoeing and fishing trips through wild and picturesque regions, 
away from the haunts of men, cannot be excelled on this continent. Probably the favorite trip of the excitement-loving canoeist and angler is up the 
Tobitiuc and down the Nepisiquit. By these rivers one might travel right across the Province, through its most primitive section, and the trout fishing 
in the Nepisiquit is unsurpassed. 

Another excellent trip which can be commended to followers of Isaak Walton is by the Main South- West Miramichi River. Leaving the Can- 
adian Pacific Railway at Bristol, there is a portage of twenty miles over a good carriage road to the head of the river, where the canoes are launched. 
The distance to Eoiestown on the Canada Eastern Railway is sixty miles through wilderness country, and there is good trout and salmon fishing en 
route. For this trip it is an easy matter to leave Fredericton by train in the morning with guides and canoes and camp at the head of the river the same 
evening. 

Another excellent fishing stream easily navigable for canoes is Cains' Kiver, a tributary of the Miraniiclii. It traverses a picturesque game 
region, and is reached in a few hours from the railway. 

The ideal canoeing trip in New Brunswick is from Orand Falls to Fredericton by the St. John River. Guides for this trip can be obtained in 
Fredericton, and the canoes, tents and supplies can be shipped to Grand Falls by rail, the trip consuming the best part of one day. The distance between 
the points is T25 miles, and it can be made easily in five days, allowing one day to see the Falls, and explore the famous Tobique Narrows. The canoeist 
who makes this trip will not want for excitement, but it is not attended with danger, and the scenic attractions are superb. 

The tourist and nature lover will find Fredericton a most attractive place to spend a summer vacation. Good accommodation can be obtained as 
low as five dollars per week, or it is possible to rent a house or summer cottage in or near the city. Carriages can be hired at very low rates, and for 
the sum of one dollar the day may be spent on the river steamers, leaving the city in the morning and returning late in the afternoon. Boats and 
canoes can be hired by the day or hour at reasonable rates, and the visitor can very pleasantly spend a portion of his time exploring the St. John, Nash- 
waaksis, Nashwaak and Oromocto Rivers. If the visitor prefers a less poetical pastime than canoeing, there are e-vcellent Golf Links and a Rifle 
Range, where hi may find ample opportunity to try his skill. 

For more detailed information in regard to hunting, fishing, camping, canoeing, etc., in New Brunswick, address either the Fredericton Tourist 
Association, or Mr. R. P. Alien, Secretary of the New Brunswick Guides' Association, Fredericton, N. B. 

For official inf(»rmation as to fishing privileges in New Brunswick generally, address Mr. D. G. Smith, Fishery Commissioner, Chatham, N. B., 
or Col. T. G. Loggie. Crown Land Office, Fredericton, N. B. 

For official information as to the game laws address Mr. W. P. Flewelling, Crown Land Office, Fredericton, N. B^ 

661 " 



rand AVERY SUPPLY CO., BOSTON. 



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